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brown lanternshark
The Brown lanternshark or Bristled lanternshark (''Etmopterus unicolor'') is a little-known species of deep-sea dogfish shark in the family Etmopteridae. It is found off Japan and New Zealand, and possibly also South Africa and Australia, typically deeper than . This species can be distinguished from other lanternsharks by its coloration, which is a uniform dark gray or brown without the ventral surface being much darker and clearly delineated from the rest of the body. The brown lanternshark feeds on small bony fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans. Reproduction is ovoviviparous, with females giving birth to 9–18 young. An unusually high proportion of individuals in Suruga Bay are hermaphrodites, with both male and female characteristics.
==Taxonomy==
The brown lanternshark was first described by Robert Engelhardt as ''Spinax unicolor'' in 1912, in the scientific journal ''Zoologischer Anzeiger''. The type specimen was a long female from Sagami Bay, Japan. In 1965, Tokiharu Abe redescribed this species and moved it to the genus ''Etmopterus''. The Australian ''Etmopterus'' "sp. B" (known as the "bristled lanternshark") are now tentatively believed to be the same as this species. It is grouped with the velvet belly lantern shark (''E. spinax''), Caribbean lanternshark (''E. hillianus''), fringefin lanternshark (''E. schultzi''), broadbanded lanternshark (''E. gracilispinis''), combtooth lanternshark (''E. decacuspidatus''), and dwarf lanternshark (''E. perryi'') in having irregularly arranged, needle-shaped dermal denticles. ''Etmopterus compagnoi'' is a questionably valid species as it may be based on the brown lanternshark or ''Etmopterus baxteri''.〔McCormack, C. & Valenti, S.V. 2009. (Etmopterus unicolor ). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. . Downloaded on 24 June 2015.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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